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Myoclonus is a brief, involuntary, irregular (lacking rhythm) twitching of a muscle, a joint, or a group of muscles, different from clonus, which is rhythmic or regular. Myoclonus ( myo- "muscle", clonus "spasm") describes a medical sign and, generally, is not a diagnosis of a disease .
Dyskinesia refers to a category of movement disorders that are characterized by involuntary muscle movements, [1] including movements similar to tics or chorea and diminished voluntary movements. [2] Dyskinesia can be anything from a slight tremor of the hands to an uncontrollable movement of the upper body or lower extremities.
Athetosis can vary from mild to severe motor dysfunction; it is generally characterized by unbalanced, involuntary movements of muscle and a difficulty maintaining a symmetrical posture. The associated motor dysfunction can be restricted to a part of the body or present throughout the body, depending on the individual and the severity of the ...
A hypnic jerk, hypnagogic jerk, sleep start, sleep twitch, myoclonic jerk, or night start is a brief and sudden involuntary contraction of the muscles of the body which occurs when a person is beginning to fall asleep, often causing the person to jump and awaken suddenly for a moment.
Chorea, or (rarely) choreia, (/ k ə ˈ r i ə /) is an abnormal involuntary movement disorder, characterized by quick movements of the hands or feet. It is one of a group of neurological disorders called dyskinesias. The term chorea is derived from Ancient Greek χορεία 'dance', as the movements of the body is comparable to dancing.
Symptoms include slow, uncontrolled movements of the extremities and trunk [24] and small, rapid, random and repetitive, uncontrolled movements known as chorea. [25] Involuntary movements often increase during periods of emotional stress or excitement and disappear when the patient is sleeping or distracted. [25]
The loss of precise muscle control and continuous unintentional movement results in painful cramping and abnormal positioning that makes continued use of the affected body parts impossible. The combination of blepharospasmodic contractions and oromandibular dystonia is called cranial dystonia or Meige's syndrome .
A tremor is an involuntary, [1] somewhat rhythmic muscle contraction and relaxation involving oscillations or twitching movements of one or more body parts. It is the most common of all involuntary movements and can affect the hands, arms, eyes, face, head, vocal folds, trunk, and legs. Most tremors occur in the hands.