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Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a diagnostic procedure used to investigate lumps or masses. In this technique, a thin (23–25 gauge (0.52 to 0.64 mm outer diameter)), hollow needle is inserted into the mass for sampling of cells that, after being stained , are examined under a microscope ( biopsy ).
The doctor will typically use a 22 or 27 gauge needle to aspirate out free fluid and cells. [12] It can be done in an outpatient setting and is associated with minimal pain. [12] However, in up to 30% of cases, pathological slides from fine-needle aspiration of breast lesions may be inconclusive, necessitating the need for further testing. [12]
A fine needle aspirate can be done with simply a small bore needle and a small syringe (1 cc) that can generate rapid changes in suction pressure. Fine needle aspirate can be used to distinguish a cystic lesion from a lipoma. Both the surgeon and the pathologist must be familiar with the method of procuring, fixing, and reading of the slide.
A bone biopsy involves the outer layers of bone, unlike a bone marrow biopsy, which involves the innermost part of the bone. Bone biopsy should as rule be done after all necessary imagings performed. Jamshidi needle has replaced the open-biopsy and fine-needle aspiration: Bone marrow
A stereotactic biopsy may be used, with x-ray guidance, for performing a fine needle aspiration for cytology and needle core biopsy to evaluate a breast lesion. However, that type of biopsy is also sometimes performed without any imaging guidance, [2] and typically, stereotactic guidance is used for core biopsies or vacuum-assisted mammotomy. [3]
Aspiration sites are marked on the scrotal skin, 5 mm apart according to a template. The number of aspiration sites varies with testis size and ranges from 4 (to confirm obstruction) to 15 per testis (for nonobstructive azoospermia). FNA is performed with a sharp-beveled, 23-gauge, one-inch needle using the established suction cutting technique ...
Interventional radiology (IR) is a medical specialty that performs various minimally-invasive procedures using medical imaging guidance, such as x-ray fluoroscopy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or ultrasound. IR performs both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures through very small incisions or body orifices.
Diagnosis is primarily performed via fine needle aspiration of the lesion of the thyroid to distinguish it from other types of thyroid lesions. [6] Microscopic examination will show an amyloid stroma with hyperplasia of parafollicular cells.