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In a statement such as while ((ch = getchar ())!= EOF) {…}, the return value of a function is used to control a loop while assigning that same value to a variable. In other programming languages, Scheme for example, the return value of an assignment is undefined and such idioms are invalid.
In C and C++, return exp; (where exp is an expression) is a statement that tells a function to return execution of the program to the calling function, and report the value of exp. If a function has the return type void, the return statement can be used without a value, in which case the program just breaks out of the current function and ...
How return values are delivered from the callee back to the caller. Options include on the stack, in a register, or reference to something allocated on the heap. How long or complex values are handled, perhaps by splitting across multiple registers, within the stack frame, or with reference to memory.
LUTs differ from hash tables in a way that, to retrieve a value with key , a hash table would store the value in the slot () where is a hash function i.e. is used to compute the slot, while in the case of LUT, the value is stored in slot , thus directly addressable.
To use column-major order in a row-major environment, or vice versa, for whatever reason, one workaround is to assign non-conventional roles to the indexes (using the first index for the column and the second index for the row), and another is to bypass language syntax by explicitly computing positions in a one-dimensional array.
A pointer a pointing to the memory address associated with a variable b, i.e., a contains the memory address 1008 of the variable b.In this diagram, the computing architecture uses the same address space and data primitive for both pointers and non-pointers; this need should not be the case.
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A more complicated example is given by recursive descent parsers, which can be naturally implemented by having one function for each production rule of a grammar, which then mutually recurse; this will in general be multiple recursion, as production rules generally combine multiple parts. This can also be done without mutual recursion, for ...