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On Windows NT family, a standard CHKDSK scan consists of three phases of testing file metadata. It looks for errors but does not fix them unless it is explicitly ordered to do so. The same applies to surface scan—this test, which could be extremely time-consuming on large or low-performance disks, is not carried out unless explicitly requested.
In Windows Vista, Windows 7 and Windows 10, System File Checker is integrated with Windows Resource Protection (WRP), which protects registry keys and folders as well as critical system files. Under Windows Vista, sfc.exe can be used to check specific folder paths, including the Windows folder and the boot folder. Windows File Protection (WFP ...
[6] [7] However, ScanDisk cannot check NTFS disk drives, and therefore it is unavailable for computers that may be running NT based (including Windows 2000, Windows XP, etc.) versions of Windows; for the purpose, a newer CHKDSK is provided instead. On Unix-like systems, there are tools like fsck_msdosfs [8] and dosfsck to do the same task.
MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows use it to mark important system files. MS-DOS commands like dir and Windows apps like File Explorer do not show system files by default even when hidden files are shown, unless asked to do so. Read-only (R): When set, indicates that a file should not be altered. Upon opening the file, file system API usually does ...
Windows 7: Live tiles: Windows File Protection: Sub-system in the operating system, aims to prevent apps from replacing critical Windows system files. Security Windows Me as System File Protection Windows XP: Windows Resource Protection: Windows Journal: Notetaking application that allows for the creation of handwritten notes Accessories
For XLSX files that can be opened but not edited, there is another attack. As the file format is a group of XML files within a ZIP; unzipping, editing, and replacing the workbook.xml file (and/or the individual worksheet XML files) with identical copies in which the unknown key and salt are replaced with a known pair or removed altogether ...
This behaviour of chkdsk /r /f does not occur on FAT32 or exFAT volumes. According to MS it is a feature and not a bug because it speeds up the scan a little and they assume that you don't use the system for other things anyway while running chkdsk x: /r /f, but it is known tl cause a lot of problems, so imho it should be mentioned here.
Scrap (.shs) files have been used by viruses because they can contain a wide variety of files (including executable code), and the file extension is not shown even when "Hide file extensions from known file types" is disabled. [15] The functionality can be restored by copying registry entries and the DLL from a Windows XP system. [16]