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Tibetan texts refer to the kingdom of Zhangzhung (c. 500 BCE – 625 CE) as the precursor of later Tibetan kingdoms and the originators of the Bon religion. While mythical accounts of early rulers of the Yarlung dynasty exist, historical accounts begin with the introduction of Tibetan script from the unified Tibetan Empire in the 7th century.
The name Tibet is derived from the Mongolian Thubet, the Chinese Tufan, the Tai Thibet, and the Arabic Tubbat. Before the 1950s Tibet was largely isolated from the rest of the world. It constituted a unique cultural and religious community, marked by the Tibetan language and Tibetan Buddhism.
For centuries, Tibet and China co-existed in Central Asia—each as a distinct nation with individual culture and history. China’s historical records and treaties demonstrate that China forged equal partnerships with its strong neighbor, Tibet, as early as 2,000 years ago.
Early history to the 9th century. Credible history begins late in the 6th century, when three discontented vassals of one of the princes among whom Tibet was then divided conspired to support the neighbouring lord of Yarlung, whose title was Spu-rgyal btsan-po.
7th-9th century - Namri Songzen and descendants begin to unify Tibetan-inhabited areas and conquer neighbouring territories, in competition with China. 822 - Peace treaty with China...
Tibet’s history begins in 127 BC, and it was subsequently ruled by different dynasties and eventually under the Dalai Lamas from the 17 th century until 2011. At different times, nations like China, Britain and Mongolia sought to exert control over Tibet, but with limited success.
The history of a unified Tibet begins with the rule of Songtsen Gampo (604–650 CE), who united parts of the Yarlung River Valley and founded the Tibetan Empire. He also brought in many reforms, and Tibetan power spread rapidly, creating a large and powerful empire.