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The Paris Peace Conference gathered over 30 nations at the Quai d'Orsay in Paris, France, to shape the future after World War I. The Russian SFSR was not invited to attend, having already concluded a peace treaty with the Central Powers in the spring of 1918.
The Weimar Constitution of August 1919 created the office of President of the Reich (German: Reichspräsident). Upon the death of Paul von Hindenburg in August 1934, the office was left vacant, with Adolf Hitler becoming head of state as Führer und Reichskanzler (retroactively approved by a referendum ).
The Conference formally opened on 18 January 1919 at the Quai d'Orsay in Paris. [4] [5] This date was symbolic, as it was the anniversary of the proclamation of William I as German Emperor in 1871, in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles, shortly before the end of the Siege of Paris [6] – a day itself imbued with significance in Germany, as the anniversary of the establishment of ...
Germany was ruled by monarchs from the beginning of division of the Frankish Empire in August 843 to the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in August 1806. [1] [2] [3] During most of 19th century, independent German principalities were organized into various confederations, such as the Confederation of the Rhine dominated by Napoleon (1806-1813) and the German Confederation created by the ...
Pierre Georges was born into a baker's family on 21 January 1919 in Paris. He fought for the Republican side during the Spanish Civil War until the end of the International Brigades in 1939. In 1940, Georges joined the French Resistance in the Francs-Tireurs et Partisans, at the time still largely operating by sabotaging German equipment in France.
The president of Germany (German: Reichspräsident, lit. ' president of the Reich ' ) was the head of state under the Weimar Constitution , which was officially in force from 1919 to 1945, encompassing the periods of the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany .
The list below gives the chancellors of West Germany; the government of East Germany was headed by the chairman of the Council of Ministers. [8] In 1990, East Germany was dissolved as it merged with West Germany; Germany was reunified. It retained the name of the Federal Republic of Germany. [9] Political parties: CDU (5) [a] SPD (4)
The Council of Four from left to right: David Lloyd George, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando, Georges Clemenceau and Woodrow Wilson in Versailles. The Big Four or the Four Nations refer to the four top Allied powers of World War I [1] and their leaders who met at the Paris Peace Conference in January 1919.