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VSCII (Vietnamese Standard Code for Information Interchange), also known as TCVN 5712, [2] ISO-IR-180, [3].VN, [4] ABC [4] or simply the TCVN encodings, [4] [5] is a set of three closely related Vietnamese national standard character encodings for using the Vietnamese language with computers, developed by the TCVN Technical Committee on Information Technology (TCVN/TC1) and first adopted in ...
The successful inclusion of composed and precomposed Vietnamese in Unicode 1.0 was the result of the lessons learned from the development of 8-bit VISCII and 7-bit VIQR. [2] The next year, in 1993, Vietnam adopted TCVN 5712, its first national standard in the information technology domain. [3]
The majority of code pages in current use are supersets of ASCII, a 7-bit code representing 128 control codes and printable characters.In the distant past, 8-bit implementations of the ASCII code set the top bit to zero or used it as a parity bit in network data transmissions.
For instance, support for all above mentioned 8-bit encodings, with the exception of Windows-1258, was dropped from Mozilla software in 2014. [11] Many Vietnamese fonts intended for desktop publishing are encoded in VNI or TCVN3 . [9] Such fonts are known as "ABC fonts". [12]
IBM uses code page 1258 (CCSID 1258 and euro sign extended CCSID 5354) for Windows-1258. [1] [2] [3] UTF-8 is the preferred encoding for Vietnamese in modern applications. Windows-1258 may not always round-trip Unicode encoded Vietnamese due to changes caused by Unicode normalization. [4]
On systems that do not support Unicode, many 8-bit Vietnamese code pages are available such as Vietnamese Standard Code for Information Interchange (VSCII) or Windows-1258. Where ASCII must be used, Vietnamese letters are often typed using the VIQR convention, though this is largely unnecessary with the increasing ubiquity of Unicode.
ISO/IEC 8859 sought to remedy this problem by utilizing the eighth bit in an 8-bit byte to allow positions for another 96 printable characters. Early encodings were limited to 7 bits because of restrictions of some data transmission protocols, and partially for historical reasons.
In 1993, the Vietnamese government released an 8-bit coding standard for alphabetic Vietnamese (TCVN 5712:1993, or VSCII), as well as a 16-bit standard for Nôm (TCVN 5773:1993). [89] This group of glyphs is referred to as "V0." In 1994, the Ideographic Rapporteur Group agreed to include Nôm characters as part of Unicode. [90]