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A Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction is a sudden and typically transient reaction that may occur within 24 hours of being administered antibiotics for an infection by a spirochete, including syphilis, leptospirosis, Lyme disease, and relapsing fever. [1]
Adolf Jarisch (February 15, 1850 – March 21, 1902) was an dermatologist from the Austro-Hungarian Empire who specialized in the care of venereal disease.The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction, an inflammatory response that he noted following treatment for syphilis, is partially named after him.
Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction in a person with syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus [71] One of the potential side effects of treatment is the Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction. [3] It frequently starts within one hour and lasts for 24 hours, with symptoms of fever, muscle pains, headache, and a fast heart rate. [3]
Rarely, allergic reactions have been triggered by exposure from kissing and sexual contact with a partner who is taking these antibiotics. [10] A Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction may occur after initial treatment of a spirochetal infection such as syphilis with a β-lactam antibiotic. [citation needed]
The species was first described scientifically by American mycologist Howard James Banker in 1913. [2] Italian Pier Andrea Saccardo placed the species in the genus Hydnum in 1925, [3] while Walter Henry Snell and Esther Amelia Dick placed it in Calodon in 1956; [4] Hydnum peckii (Banker) Sacc. and Calodon peckii Snell & E.A. Dick are synonyms of Hydnellum peckii.
Karl Herxheimer (German pronunciation: [kaʁl ˈhɛʁksˌhaɪmɐ]; 26 June 1861 – 6 December 1942) was a German-Jewish dermatologist who was a native of Wiesbaden. He studied medicine at the universities of Freiburg , Strasbourg and Würzburg , receiving his doctorate in 1885 with a thesis on cerebral syphilis.
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True Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions are generally transient, mild, and found only within the first 24 hours of beginning antibiotics. [ 48 ] [ 8 ] In online Lyme groups, patients have claimed to "herx" long after initial antibiotic treatment for durations that can last weeks. [ 8 ]