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A twelve-inch Capitol Records gramophone record. The twelve-inch single (often written as 12-inch or 12″) is a type of vinyl (polyvinyl chloride or PVC) gramophone record that has wider groove spacing and shorter playing time with a "single" or a few related sound tracks on each surface, compared to LPs (long play) which have several songs on each side.
The LP (from long playing [2] or long play) is an analog sound storage medium, specifically a phonograph record format characterized by: a speed of 33 + 1 ⁄ 3 rpm; a 12- or 10-inch (30- or 25-cm) diameter; use of the "microgroove" groove specification; and a vinyl (a copolymer of vinyl chloride acetate) composition disk.
A diagram of an ISO metric or Unified thread, showing dimensions relative to the pitch (P) and thread height (H). Due to different standards, ISO and UTS share the same geometry, but not absolute dimensions. Also shown is the location rounding permissible in internal (dark grey, top) and external (light grey, bottom) threads. Key. P: Pitch; H ...
Sizes of records in the United States and the UK are generally measured in inches, e.g. 7-inch records, which are generally 45 rpm records. LPs were 10-inch records at first, but soon the 12-inch size became by far the most common. Generally, 78s were 10-inch, but 12-inch and 7-inch and even smaller were made—the so-called "little wonders". [82]
Even though #14 and #16 screws are still available, they are not as common as sizes #0 through #12. [citation needed] Sometimes "special" diameter and pitch combinations (UNS) are used, for example a 0.619 in (15.7 mm) major diameter with 20 threads per inch. UNS threads are rarely used for bolts, but rather on nuts, tapped holes, and threaded ODs.
The most common diameter sizes for gramophone records are 12-inch, 10-inch, and 7-inch (300 mm, 250 mm, and 180 mm). [1] Early American shellac records were all 7-inch until 1901, when 10-inch records were introduced. 12-inch records joined them in 1903. [ 2 ]
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