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In linguistics, morphology (mor-FOL-ə-jee [1]) is the study of words, including the principles by which they are formed, and how they relate to one another within a language. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Most approaches to morphology investigate the structure of words in terms of morphemes , which are the smallest units in a language with some independent ...
A non-aligned morphological dictionary would represent the previous example as: (houses, house n pl ) It is possible to convert a non-aligned dictionary into an aligned dictionary. Besides trivial alignments to the left or to the right, linguistically motivated alignments which align characters to their corresponding morphemes are possible.
In linguistics, a bound morpheme is a morpheme (the elementary unit of morphosyntax) that can appear only as part of a larger expression, while a free morpheme (or unbound morpheme) is one that can stand alone. [1] A bound morpheme is a type of bound form, and a free morpheme is a type of free form. [2]
In morphology, a root is a morphologically simple unit which can be left bare or to which a prefix or a suffix can attach. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The root word is the primary lexical unit of a word , and of a word family (this root is then called the base word), which carries aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents.
(The term polysynthesis was first used in linguistics by Peter Stephen DuPonceau who borrowed it from chemistry.) These languages have a high morpheme-to-word ratio, a highly regular morphology, and a tendency for verb forms to include morphemes that refer to several arguments besides the subject (polypersonalism). Another feature of ...
Morphological derivation, in linguistics, is the process of forming a new word from an existing word, often by adding a prefix or suffix, such as un-or -ness. For example, unhappy and happiness derive from the root word happy.
In morphology and lexicography, a lemma (pl.: lemmas or lemmata) is the canonical form, [1] dictionary form, or citation form of a set of word forms. [2] In English, for example, break , breaks , broke , broken and breaking are forms of the same lexeme , with break as the lemma by which they are indexed.
Analysis of morphology (biology), the form and structure of organisms and their specific features; Mathematical morphology, a theory and technique for analysis and processing of images and geometrical structures; Morphological dictionary, a computational linguistic resource that contains correspondences between surface form and lexical forms of ...