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Crude birth rate refers to the number of births over a given period divided by the person-years lived by the population over that period. It is expressed as number of births per 1,000 population. The article lists 233 countries and territories in crude birth rate. The first list is provided by Population Reference Bureau. [1]
Rates are the average annual number of births or deaths during a year per 1,000 persons; these are also known as crude birth or death rates. Column four is from the UN Population Division [3] and shows a projection for the average natural increase rate for the time period shown using the medium fertility variant. Blank cells in column four ...
Along with mortality rate, natality rate is used to calculate the dynamics of a population. They are the key factors in determining whether a population is increasing, decreasing or staying the same in size. Natality is the greatest influence on a population's increase. Natality is shown as a crude birth rate or specific birth rate.
From 1947 to 1989 the number of births was higher than the number of deaths, but from 1990 onwards the number of deaths outnumbered the number of births. The crude birth rate of 2011 was 10.96 (14,679 births) and the crude death rate of 2011 was 11.38 (15,244 deaths), making the rate of natural increase −0.42 (−565). [8]
Simply put, researchers believe fewer people want to have kids since the birth rate is falling across all categories: age, race, education level, marital status and so on.
The replacement fertility rate is 2.1 births per female for most developed countries (in the United Kingdom, for example), but can be as high as 3.5 in undeveloped countries because of higher mortality rates, especially child mortality. [9]
Conversely, other countries have policies to reduce the birth rate (for example, China's one-child policy which was in effect from 1978 to 2015). Policies to increase the crude birth rate are known as pro-natalist policies, and policies to reduce the crude birth rate are known as anti-natalist policies.
In demography and population dynamics, the rate of natural increase (RNI), also known as natural population change, is defined as the birth rate minus the death rate of a particular population, over a particular time period. [1] It is typically expressed either as a number per 1,000 individuals in the population [2] or as a percentage. [3]