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"Despoina" was an epithet for several goddesses, especially Aphrodite, Persephone, Demeter, and Hecate. [32] [33] Persephone and Demeter are two of the three goddesses of the Eleusinian mysteries. They are perhaps the "Two Queens" referred to in various Linear B inscriptions. [34] At Olympia they were called Despoinai (Δέσποιναι). [35]
Many of the Greek deities are known from as early as Mycenaean (Late Bronze Age) civilization. This is an incomplete list of these deities [n 1] and of the way their names, epithets, or titles are spelled and attested in Mycenaean Greek, written in the Linear B [n 2] syllabary, along with some reconstructions and equivalent forms in later Greek.
Demeter's absence caused the death of crops, livestock, and eventually of the people who depended on them (later Arcadian tradition held that it was both her rage at Poseidon and her loss of her daughter caused the famine, merging the two myths). [27] Demeter washed away her anger in the River Ladon, becoming Demeter Lousia, the "bathed Demeter ...
A votive plaque known as the Ninnion Tablet depicting elements of the Eleusinian Mysteries, discovered in the sanctuary at Eleusis (mid-4th century BC). The Eleusinian Mysteries (Greek: Ἐλευσίνια Μυστήρια, romanized: Eleusínia Mystḗria) were initiations held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone based at the Panhellenic Sanctuary of Eleusis in ancient Greece.
This myth, which is first narrated in the Homeric Hymn to Demeter, [101] was central to the Eleusinian Mysteries, [97] the most ancient of the Greek mystery religions. [102] In art, Demeter is typically depicted as a clothed figure, and features of her representations include the polos, calathus, sheaf, and torch. [103] Her Roman counterpart is ...
Hesiod's Theogony, (c. 700 BC) which could be considered the "standard" creation myth of Greek mythology, [1] tells the story of the genesis of the gods. After invoking the Muses (II.1–116), Hesiod says the world began with the spontaneous generation of four beings: first arose Chaos (Chasm); then came Gaia (the Earth), "the ever-sure foundation of all"; "dim" Tartarus (the Underworld), in ...
In some ancient cults Erinys is related to Poseidon and her name is an epithet of Demeter. [29] It is possible that Demeter appears as Da-ma-te in a Linear B inscription (PN EN 609), however the interpretation is still under dispute. [30] [31] Si-to Po-tini-ja is probably related with Demeter as goddess of grain. [32]