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The Survival Game: how game theory explains cooperation and competition, Henry Holt/Times Books, 2003; David P. Barash and Judith Eve Lipton. Making Sense of Sex: how genes gender influence our relationships. Island Press/Shearwater Books, 1997; paperback edition as Gender Gap: the biology of male-female differences, Transaction Publishers, 2001
Conflict theories are perspectives in political philosophy and sociology which argue that individuals and groups (social classes) within society interact on the basis of conflict rather than agreement, while also emphasizing social psychology, historical materialism, power dynamics, and their roles in creating power structures, social movements, and social arrangements within a society.
Sexual Preference: Its Development in Men and Women (1981) is a book about the development of sexual orientation by the psychologist Alan P. Bell and the sociologists Martin S. Weinberg and Sue Kiefer Hammersmith, in which the authors reevaluate what were at the time of its publication widely held ideas about the origins of heterosexuality and homosexuality, sometimes rejecting entirely the ...
There are different models that attempt to describe the relationship between gender and stratification. One model is the sex-differences model which discusses the differences in behavior and attitude when called on the labels of male and female. [18] Further, it is attempting to locate the true difference when all "socialization is removed". [19]
Skeletons of female (left) and Male (right) black-casqued hornbills (Ceratogymna atrata). The difference between the sexes is apparent in the casque on the top of their bill. This pair is on display at the Museum of Osteology. Sexual dimorphism may also influence differences in parental investment during times of food scarcity.
The differences between male and female general evolutionary interests can be better understood through the analysis of the various factors that affect sexual conflict. In situations involving a male and female, only the relative positions of the optimal trait values are important as it is their comparative positions that provide insight into ...
The theory proposed by Goldberg is that social institutions that are characterised by male dominance may be explained by biological differences between men and women (sexual dimorphism), suggesting male dominance could be inevitable. Goldberg later refined articulation of the argument in Why Men Rule (1993). [1]
[9] [8] Examples include greater male tendencies toward violence, [10] or greater female empathy. The terms "sex differences" and "gender differences" are sometimes used interchangeably; they can refer to differences in male and female behaviors as either biological ("sex differences") or environmental/cultural ("gender differences").