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c. 1550–1400 BCE: Jerusalem becomes a vassal to Egypt as the Egyptian New Kingdom reunites Egypt and expands into the Levant under Ahmose I and Thutmose I. c. 1330 BCE: Correspondence in the Amarna letters between Abdi-Heba , Canaanite ruler of Jerusalem (then known as Urusalim), and Amenhotep III , suggesting the city was a vassal to New ...
The History of Jerusalem during the Kingdom of Jerusalem began with the capture of the city by the Latin Christian forces at the apogee of the First Crusade. At that point it had been under Muslim rule for over 450 years. It became the capital of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, until it was again conquered by the Ayyubids under Saladin in 1187.
The crusaders cannot take the Muslim fortress on Mount Tabor. [439] [447] 1218. Early. Andrew II, Hugh I and Bohemond IV leave the crusaders' camp. [448] Spring. Caesarea is fortified. Château Pèlerin is built on the coast near Acre. [449] May 29. The crusaders, along with troops from Jerusalem and Cyprus, lay siege to Damietta under John's ...
[55]: 54 The Mamluks ruled over Palestine including Jerusalem from 1260 until 1516. [56] In the decades after 1260 they also worked to eliminate the remaining Crusader states in the region. The last of these was defeated with the capture of Acre in 1291. [55]: 54 Jerusalem was a significant site of Mamluk architectural patronage.
The Siege of Jerusalem by the Crusaders saw much of the extant population at the time massacred as the Christian invaders took the city, and while its population quickly recovered during the Kingdom of Jerusalem, its population was decimated to less than 2,000 people when the Khwarezmi Turks took the city in 1244.
Henry IV of England made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1393–4, and he later vowed to lead a crusade to recapture the city, but he did not undertake such a campaign before his death in 1413. [132] The Levant remained under Ottoman control from 1517 until the Partition of the Ottoman Empire in 1918.
On 22 May the strategically important fortified town of Darum on the frontiers of Egypt fell to the crusaders, following five days of fierce fighting. [92] The Crusader army made another advance on Jerusalem, and in June it came within sight of the city before being forced to retreat again, this time because of dissention amongst its leaders.
The Fifth Crusade (September 1217 - August 29, 1221) [1] was a campaign in a series of Crusades by Western Europeans to reacquire Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land by first conquering Egypt, ruled by the powerful Ayyubid sultanate, led by al-Adil, brother of Saladin.