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The oldest recorded game in chess history is a 10th-century game played between a historian from Baghdad and a pupil. [11] [non-tertiary source needed] A manuscript explaining the rules of the game, called "Matikan-i-chatrang" (the book of chess) in Middle Persian or Pahlavi, still exists. [31]
Chess theory usually divides the game of chess into three phases with different sets of strategies: the opening, typically the first 10 to 20 moves, when players move their pieces to useful positions for the coming battle; the middlegame; and last the endgame, when most of the pieces are gone, kings typically take a more active part in the ...
1997 – Kasparov loses a rematch to chess supercomputer Deep Blue (2½–3½), becoming the first World Champion to lose a match to a computer. 1999 – Kasparov plays and wins against "the World" whose moves were determined by plurality of votes via the Internet. 2000 – Kasparov loses his title to Vladimir Kramnik (Russia) (8½–6½ ...
Murray's companion work was A History of Board-Games other than ChessISBN 0-19-827401-7. He also wrote a new history of the game from its beginnings until 1866, called A Short History of Chess. This was found among the papers left behind at his death in 1955, and was published, with contributions by B. Goulding Brown and Harry Golombek, in 1963.
By the 20th century, the game of Chess had developed into a professional sport with chess clubs, publications, player ratings and chess tournaments. The World Chess Federation (FIDE) was founded in 1924 in Paris. A large number of Chess variants were also developed, with varying pieces, rules, boards and scoring.
Staunton style chess pieces. Left to right: king, rook, queen, pawn, knight, bishop. The rules of chess (also known as the laws of chess) govern the play of the game of chess. Chess is a two-player abstract strategy board game. Each player controls sixteen pieces of six types on a chessboard. Each type of piece moves in a distinct way.
De ludo scachorum ('On the Game of Chess'), also known as Schifanoia ('the "Boredom Dodger"'), [1] is a Latin-language manuscript on the game of chess written around 1500 by Luca Pacioli, a leading mathematician of the Renaissance.
Cox's article, "On the Burmha Game of Chess Compared to the Indian", proposed that the four-handed version of the game was the earliest form of chess. He states that this version "is mentioned in the oldest law books and is said to have been invented by the wife of Ravan", [5] referring to Ravana, the legendary king of Sri Lanka. Cox dates ...