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The Injury Severity Score (ISS) is an established medical score to assess trauma severity. [1] [2] It correlates with mortality, morbidity and hospitalization time after trauma. It is used to define the term major trauma. A major trauma (or polytrauma) is defined as the Injury Severity Score being greater than 15. [2]
The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is an anatomical-based coding system created by the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine to classify and describe the severity of injuries. [1] [2] [3] It represents the threat to life associated with the injury rather than the comprehensive assessment of the severity of the injury. [4]
The likelihood and severity of bruising depends on many factors, including type and healthiness of affected tissues. Minor bruises may be easily recognized in people with light skin color by characteristic blue or purple appearance (idiomatically described as "black and blue") in the days following the injury. Hematomas can be subdivided by size.
Major trauma is a severe traumatic injury that has the potential to cause disability or death. Serious traumatic injury most often occurs as a result of traffic collisions. [11] Traumatic injury is the leading cause of death in people under the age of 45. [12] Blunt trauma injuries are caused by the forceful impact of an external object.
Depending on the severity of injury, quickness of management, and transportation to an appropriate medical facility (called a trauma center) may be necessary to prevent loss of life or limb. The initial assessment is critical, and involves a physical evaluation and also may include the use of imaging tools to determine the types of injuries ...
Stab wounds can result in various internal and external injuries. These wounds are typically caused by low-velocity weapons, meaning the damage is usually confined to the weapon's path, unlike gunshot wounds which often affect surrounding tissues. [6] The abdomen is the most commonly injured area in cases of stab wounds.
The Glasgow Coma Scale is commonly used to assess the severity of traumatic brain injuries, including closed-head injuries. The scale tests a patient's eye, verbal, and motor responses. The scale goes up to fifteen points; with fifteen being the most mild injury, less than eight being a severe brain injury, and three being a vegetative state. [12]
The severity of damage to the finger increases with the amount of force on the fingertip. [1] In severe cases, injury to bone may occur. When experiencing a jammed finger, the extent of injury is not always obvious and one should be evaluated by a medical professional. [2] Toes may become jammed as well, with similar results.