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The Supreme Court of Canada in Ottawa, west of Parliament Hill. The legal system of Canada is pluralist: its foundations lie in the English common law system (inherited from its period as a colony of the British Empire), the French civil law system (inherited from its French Empire past), [1] [2] and Indigenous law systems [3] developed by the various Indigenous Nations.
The Canadian constitution includes core written documents and provisions that are constitutionally entrenched, take precedence over all other laws and place substantive limits on government action; these include the Constitution Act, 1867 (formerly the British North America Act, 1867) and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. [4]
Canadian constitutional law (French: droit constitutionnel du Canada) is the area of Canadian law relating to the interpretation and application of the Constitution of Canada by the courts. All laws of Canada , both provincial and federal, must conform to the Constitution and any laws inconsistent with the Constitution have no force or effect.
The Constitution of Canada is a large number of documents that have been entrenched in the constitution by various means. Regardless of how documents became entrenched, together those documents form the supreme law of Canada; no non-constitutional law may conflict with them, and none of them may be changed without following the amending formula given in Part V of the Constitution Act, 1982.
Printed copies of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Many of the rights and freedoms that are protected under the Charter, including the rights to freedom of speech, habeas corpus, and the presumption of innocence, [10] have their roots in a set of Canadian laws and legal precedents [11] sometimes known as the Implied Bill of Rights.
The Canadian Guide to Uniform Legal Citation (McGill Guide or Red Book; French: Manuel canadien de la référence juridique) is a legal citation guide in Canada. It is published by the McGill Law Journal of the McGill University Faculty of Law and is used by law students, scholars, and lawyers and has been officially adopted by courts and major ...
From 1608 to 1664, the first colonists of New France followed the customary law (French: coutume) in effect for their province of origin in France.In 1664, the King of France decreed in Article 33 of the decree establishing the French West India Company (French: l'Édit d'établissement de la compagnie des Indes occidentales) that the Custom of Paris would serve as the main source of law ...
The Revised Statutes of Canada (French: Lois révisées du Canada, R.S.C. or RSC) consolidates current federal laws in force, incorporating amendments into acts, adding new substantive acts enacted since the last revision and deleting rescinded acts. Supplements to the RSC contain new or amended statutes, while consolidations republish laws for ...