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Gruenbaum has argued that practitioners may not distinguish between religion, tradition, and chastity, making it difficult to interpret the data. [32] FGM's origins in northeastern Africa are pre-Islamic, but the practice became associated with Islam because of that religion's focus on female chastity and seclusion.
Women, however, did not hold religious titles, but some held political power with their husbands or on their own. The historic role of women in Islam is connected to societal patriarchal ideals, rather than actual ties to the Quran. The issue of women in Islam is becoming more prevalent in modern society. [171]
Rasoulallah.net – entries about Women in Islam; Sultan.org – Islamic portal dealing with many points related to women in Islam; Women in the Qur'an, hadith, and fiqh/jurisprudence; Behind Closed Doors with a Girl – Shia Perspective on being alone with a member of the opposite gender Archived 2016-06-17 at the Wayback Machine
Islamic marital jurisprudence allows Muslim men to be married to multiple women (a practice known as polygyny). In addition to the usual marriage until death or divorce, there is a different fixed-term marriage known as zawāj al-mut'ah ("temporary marriage") [ 2 ] : 1045 permitted only by the Twelver branch of Shi'ite for a pre-fixed period.
[29] Muhammad's wives play a prominent role in Islam and Muslim practices; "their reception of specific divine guidances, occasioned by their proximity to Muhammad, endows them with special dignity." [7] They form the basis for the status of women in Islam and are thus important for gender debates and study.
The religious status of women is a very important aspect of the history of the religion and one of the most critical issues between the oldest religious divisions of the religion, Svetambar and Digambar. The major distinction between these two divisions is the position of women in their societies.
Since the mid-nineteenth century, Muslim women and men have been critical of restrictions placed on women regarding education, seclusion, veiling, polygyny, slavery, and concubinage. Modern Muslims have questioned these practices and advocated for reform. [1] There is an ongoing debate about the status of women in Islam.
A mufti advises a woman whose son-in-law cannot consummate his marriage (Ottoman illustration, 1721).. Sexuality in Islam contains a wide range of views and laws, which are largely predicated on the Quran, and the sayings attributed to Muhammad and the rulings of religious leaders confining sexual activity to marital relationships between men and women.