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It complemented the geosynchronous Defense Support Program, the Space-Based Infrared System, and other overhead non-imaging infrared (ONIR) systems [15] [16] and provided tracking cues to systems on the surface. The STSS program was developed in phases, the first of which was the launch of two demonstrator satellites.
Based on its experiences with the launching of short-range theater missiles by Iraq during the 1991 Persian Gulf War, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) concluded that expanded theater missile warning capabilities were needed, and it began planning for an improved infrared satellite sensor capability that would support both long-range strategic and short-range theater ballistic missile ...
Sensors on Earth observation satellites often take measurements of emitted energy over some portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g., UV, visible, infrared, microwave, or radio). [ 1 ] The invention of climate research through the use of satellite remote telemetry began in the 1960s through development of space probes to study other planets.
The SBIRS satellites are a replacement for the Defense Support Program (DSP) early warning system. They are intended to detect ballistic missile launches, as well as various other events in the infrared spectrum, including nuclear explosions , aircraft flights, space object entries and reentries, wildfires and spacecraft launches .
The variable scanning modes make GOES-16 the first GOES satellite to be configurable while in orbit. [31] In addition, a solar diffuser new to GOES-16 allows for calibration of the ABI imaging data. [27] On 2 April 2019, the GOES-16 ABI was reconfigured to use scan mode 6 as a default, allowing full disk scans every 10 minutes. [32] [33]
Four GOES satellites are available for operational use. GOES-14 is in storage at 105° W. The launch of this satellite, which was designated GOES-O before orbiting, was delayed several times. [11] [12] It was launched successfully on 27 June 2009 from Space Launch Complex 37, on a Delta IV Medium rocket, [13] a Delta IV M+ (4,2).
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a sensor designed and manufactured by the Raytheon Company on board the polar-orbiting Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP), NOAA-20, and NOAA-21 weather satellites. [1] VIIRS is one of five key instruments onboard Suomi NPP, launched on October 28, 2011. [2]
A weather satellite or meteorological satellite is a type of Earth observation satellite that is primarily used to monitor the weather and climate of the Earth. Satellites are mainly of two types: polar orbiting (covering the entire Earth asynchronously) or geostationary (hovering over the same spot on the equator ).