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Some examples of comparative politics are studying the differences between presidential and parliamentary systems, democracies and dictatorships, parliamentary systems in different countries, multi-party systems such as Canada and two-party systems such as the United States. Comparative politics must be conducted at a specific point in time ...
It differs from a parliamentary system in that it has an executive president independent from the legislature; and from the presidential system in that the cabinet, although named by the president, is responsible to the legislature, which may force the cabinet to resign through a motion of no confidence. [24] [25] [26] [27]
The separation of the executive and the legislature is the key difference between a presidential system and a parliamentary system. The presidential system elects a head of government independently of the legislature, while in contrast, the head of government in a parliamentary system answers directly to the legislature.
Parliamentary democracy is the dominant form of government in the European Union, Oceania, and throughout the former British Empire, with other users scattered throughout Africa and Asia. A similar system, called a council–manager government, is used by many local governments in the United States.
Democracies are classified by the rules in which executives can be appointed or removed and can be either presidential, mixed or semi-presidential, or parliamentary. [ 1 ] [ 8 ] : 454 It is important to note that these names do not have to correspond to the official or colloquial titles of any of the countries offices.
At first glance, the US and UK elections may seem worlds apart, but in looking back on the campaigns and results, The Independent’s data correspondent Alicja Hagopian discovers some key similarities
Semi-presidential republic: Executive president is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature Assembly-independent republic : Head of government (president or directory) is elected by the legislature, but is not accountable to it
It is contrasted with the separation of powers [2] found in presidential, semi-presidential and dualistic parliamentary forms of government, where the membership of the legislative and executive powers cannot overlap. Fusion of powers exists in many, if not a majority of, parliamentary democracies, and does so by design.