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The Thomson problem is a natural consequence of J. J. Thomson's plum pudding model in the absence of its uniform positive background charge. [ 12 ] "No fact discovered about the atom can be trivial, nor fail to accelerate the progress of physical science, for the greater part of natural philosophy is the outcome of the structure and mechanism ...
An atom with seven electrons arranged in a pentagonal dipyramid, as imagined by Thomson in 1905. The plum pudding model is an obsolete scientific model of the atom.It was first proposed by J. J. Thomson in 1904 following his discovery of the electron in 1897, and was rendered obsolete by Ernest Rutherford's discovery of the atomic nucleus in 1911.
J.J. Thomson (1904), "On the Structure of the Atom: an Investigation of the Stability and Periods of Oscillation of a number of Corpuscles arranged at equal intervals around the Circumference of a Circle; with Application of the Results to the Theory of Atomic Structure," Philosophical Magazine Series 6, Volume 7, Number 39, pp. 237–265.
Again under Thomson's leadership, Rutherford worked on the conductive effects of X-rays on gases, which led to the discovery of the electron, the results first presented by Thomson in 1897. [ 28 ] [ 29 ] Hearing of Henri Becquerel 's experience with uranium , Rutherford started to explore its radioactivity , discovering two types that differed ...
The recent discovery by J. J. Thomson of the negatively charged electron implied that a neutral atom must also contain an opposite positive charge. In 1904, Thomson suggested that the atom was a sphere of uniform positive electrification, with electrons scattered through it like plums in a pudding, giving rise to the term plum pudding model.
In 1898, J. J. Thomson found that the positive charge of a hydrogen ion was equal to the negative charge of a single electron. [ 70 ] In an April 1911 paper concerning his studies on alpha particle scattering, Ernest Rutherford estimated that the charge of an atomic nucleus, expressed as a multiplier of hydrogen's nuclear charge ( q e ), is ...
[6]: 4 This should have been impossible according to the then current Plum pudding model of the atom. [6]: 4 According to this model, by JJ Thomson, the atom consists of a sphere of positive charge filled with circulating electrons. The extreme scattering observed forced Rutherford to revise the model of the atom.
At the time of Rutherford's paper, JJ Thomson was the "undisputed world master in the design of atoms". [9]: 296 Rutherford needed to compare his new approach to Thomson's. Thomson's beta particle scattering model, presented in 1910, [19] predicted that a beta particle could be scattered by a large angle after a series of atomic collisions.