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Food engineering is a scientific, academic, and professional field that interprets and applies principles of engineering, science, and mathematics to food manufacturing and operations, including the processing, production, handling, storage, conservation, control, packaging and distribution of food products.
Food safety (or food hygiene) is used as a scientific method/discipline describing handling, preparation, and storage of food in ways that prevent foodborne illness.The occurrence of two or more cases of a similar illness resulting from the ingestion of a common food is known as a food-borne disease outbreak. [1]
The spoilage of meat occurs, if the meat is untreated, in a matter of hours or days and results in the meat becoming unappetizing, poisonous, or infectious. Spoilage is caused by the practically unavoidable infection and subsequent decomposition of meat by bacteria and fungi, which are borne by the animal itself, by the people handling the meat, and by their implements.
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A larder is a cool area for storing food prior to use. Originally, it was where raw meat was larded—covered in fat—to be preserved. [2] This method slowed spoilage by sealing out air, bacteria, and moisture. In colder larders (4°C/40°F or lower), larded meat could last for months, while in warmer conditions, the fat turned rancid within ...
Spoiled meat changes color and exudes a foul odor. Ingestion can cause serious food poisoning. Salt-curing processes were developed in antiquity [9] in order to ensure food safety without relying on then unknown anti-bacterial agents. The short shelf life of fresh meat does not pose significant problems when access to it is easy and supply is ...
The William Davies Company facilities in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, circa 1920. This facility was then the third largest hog-packing plant in North America. The meat-packing industry (also spelled meatpacking industry or meat packing industry) handles the slaughtering, processing, packaging, and distribution of meat from animals such as cattle, pigs, sheep and other livestock.
The FSIS also has authority in inspection and monitoring of food-related establishments, while the FDA has no jurisdiction regarding restaurants and food businesses. FSIS derives its authority from the Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906, [7] the Poultry Products Inspection Act of 1957, [8] and the Egg Products Inspection Act of 1970. [9]