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The Antoine equation is a class of semi-empirical correlations describing the relation between vapor pressure and temperature for pure substances. The Antoine equation is derived from the Clausius–Clapeyron relation. The equation was presented in 1888 by the French engineer Louis Charles Antoine (1825–1897). [1]
The Antoine equation [3] [4] is a pragmatic mathematical expression of the relation between the vapor pressure and the temperature of pure liquid or solid substances. It is obtained by curve-fitting and is adapted to the fact that vapor pressure is usually increasing and concave as a function of temperature. The basic form of the equation is:
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... For benzene with T c = 562.12 K [3] P c = 4898 kPa [3] T b = 353.15 K [4] ... Antoine equation; Tetens equation;
*** Benzene is a carcinogen (cancer-causing agent). *** Very flammable. The pure material, and any solutions containing it, constitute a fire risk. Safe handling: Benzene should NOT be used at all unless no safer alternatives are available. If benzene must be used in an experiment, it should be handled at all stages in a fume cupboard.
[2] [3] It is valid for many liquids; for instance, the entropy of vaporization of toluene is 87.30 J/(K·mol), that of benzene is 89.45 J/(K·mol), and that of chloroform is 87.92 J/(K·mol). Because of its convenience, the rule is used to estimate the enthalpy of vaporization of liquids whose boiling points are known.
VLE of the mixture of chloroform and methanol plus NRTL fit and extrapolation to different pressures. The non-random two-liquid model [1] (abbreviated NRTL model) is an activity coefficient model introduced by Renon and Prausnitz in 1968 that correlates the activity coefficients of a compound with its mole fractions in the liquid phase concerned.
Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C 6 H 6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar hexagonal ring with one hydrogen atom attached to each. Because it contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms, benzene is classed as a hydrocarbon.
In thermodynamics, an activity coefficient is a factor used to account for deviation of a mixture of chemical substances from ideal behaviour. [1] In an ideal mixture, the microscopic interactions between each pair of chemical species are the same (or macroscopically equivalent, the enthalpy change of solution and volume variation in mixing is zero) and, as a result, properties of the mixtures ...