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The circle of Willis (also called Willis' circle, loop of Willis, cerebral arterial circle, and Willis polygon) is a circulatory anastomosis that supplies blood to the brain and surrounding structures in reptiles, birds and mammals, including humans. [1] It is named after Thomas Willis (1621–1675), an English physician. [2]
There are many examples of normal arterio-arterial anastomoses in the body. Clinically important examples include: Circle of Willis (in the brain) Coronary: anterior interventricular artery and posterior interventricular artery of the heart; Scapular anastomosis (for the subclavian vessels)
The anterior and posterior circulations meet at the circle of Willis, pictured here, which rests at the top of the brainstem. Inferior view. The posterior cerebral circulation is the blood supply to the posterior portion of the brain, including the occipital lobes, cerebellum and brainstem. It is supplied by the following arteries:
If symptoms of an aortic aneurysm do appear, they might include: Difficulty breathing. Loss of appetite. Pain in your neck, jaw, chest, stomach, back, or shoulder. Throbbing or pulsating around ...
In case of narrowing of other arteries of the circle of Willis or the arteries supplying the circle, the anterior communicating artery can provide a way to supply blood to the opposite (affected) side of the circle. This can often preserve the cerebral blood supply well enough to avoid the symptoms of ischemia. [7]
The basilar artery is the main blood supply to the brainstem and connects to the Circle of Willis to potentially supply the rest of the brain if there is compromise to one of the carotids. At each cervical level, the vertebral artery sends branches to the surrounding musculature via the anterior spinal arteries.
The two anterior cerebral arteries arise from the internal carotid artery and are part of the circle of Willis. The left and right anterior cerebral arteries are connected by the anterior communicating artery. Anterior cerebral artery syndrome refers to symptoms that follow a stroke occurring in the area normally supplied by one of the arteries.
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