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In biology, a mechanism is a system of causally interacting parts and processes that produce one or more effects. [1] Phenomena can be explained by describing their mechanisms. For example, natural selection is a mechanism of evolution ; other mechanisms of evolution include genetic drift , mutation , and gene flow .
The role of genes in pattern formation is an aspect of morphogenesis, the creation of diverse anatomies from similar genes, now being explored in the science of evolutionary developmental biology or evo-devo. The mechanisms involved are well seen in the anterior-posterior patterning of embryos from the model organism Drosophila melanogaster (a ...
Mechanism may refer to: Mechanism (economics), a set of rules for a game designed to achieve a certain outcome. Mechanism design, the study of such mechanisms; Mechanism (engineering), rigid bodies connected by joints in order to accomplish a desired force and/or motion transmission; Mechanism (biology), explaining how a feature is created
This differs from a mechanism of action since it is a more specific term that focuses on the interaction between the drug itself and an enzyme or receptor and its particular form of interaction, whether through inhibition, activation, agonism, or antagonism. Furthermore, the term "mechanism of action" is the main term that is primarily used in ...
Molecular biology is the study of the molecular underpinnings of the biological phenomena, focusing on molecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms and interactions. Biochemistry is the study of the chemical substances and vital processes occurring in living organisms .
In biology, cell signaling (cell signalling in British English) is the process by which a cell interacts with itself, other cells, and the environment. Cell signaling is a fundamental property of all cellular life in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
At cell cycle level there is an increase of complexity of the mechanisms in somatic stem cells. However, it is observed a decrease of self-renewal potential with age. These mechanisms are regulated by p16 Ink4a-CDK4/6-Rb and p19 Arf-p53-P21 Cip1 signaling pathways. Embryonic stem cells have constitutive cyclin E-CDK2 activity, which ...
Thus the first SOS repair mechanism to be induced is nucleotide excision repair (NER), whose aim is to fix DNA damage without commitment to a full-fledged SOS response. If, however, NER does not suffice to fix the damage, the LexA concentration is further reduced, so the expression of genes with stronger LexA boxes (such as sulA , umuD , umuC ...