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The scalp is the area of the head where head hair grows. [1] It is made up of skin, layers of connective and fibrous tissues, and the membrane of the skull. Anatomically, the scalp is part of the epicranium, a collection of structures covering the cranium. The scalp is bordered by the face at the front, and by the neck at the sides
Androgenetic alopecia follows a defined pattern of hair loss, beginning with bitemporal recession of the frontal hairline. Eventually, diffuse thinning over the vertex (top) of the scalp occurs. With progression, complete hair loss in this region is common. The bald patch progressively enlarges and eventually joins the receding frontal hairline.
Hair loss, also known as alopecia or baldness, refers to a loss of hair from part of the head or body. [2] Typically at least the head is involved. [4] The severity of hair loss can vary from a small area to the entire body. [7] Inflammation or scarring is not usually present. [4] Hair loss in some people causes psychological distress. [3]
Pattern hair loss (also known as androgenetic alopecia (AGA) [1]) is a hair loss condition that primarily affects the top and front of the scalp. [2] [3] In male-pattern hair loss (MPHL), the hair loss typically presents itself as either a receding front hairline, loss of hair on the crown and vertex of the scalp, or a combination of both.
Trichoscopy is a method of hair and scalp evaluation and is used for diagnosing hair and scalp diseases. [1] The method is based on dermoscopy. In trichoscopy hair and scalp structures may be visualized at many-fold magnification. Currently magnifications ranging from 10-fold to 70-fold are most popular in research and clinical practice. [2]
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No loss of body function occurs, and the effects of alopecia areata are psychological (loss of self-image due to hair loss), although these can be severe. Loss of hair also means the scalp burns more easily in the sun. Patients may also have aberrant nail formation because keratin forms both hair and nails. [citation needed]
Traction alopecia is a type of alopecia or hair loss caused by a chronic pulling force being applied to the hair. [1] It commonly results from a person frequently wearing their hair in a particularly tight ponytail, pigtails, or braids with increased likelihood when hair is chemically relaxed as this compromises the hair shaft's tensile strength resulting in hair breakage.