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According to FEMS Microbiology Ecology, "The Alphaproteobacteria family Pelagibacteraceae, or the SAR11 clade, is one of the most abundant bacterial clades in the world's oceans” (Ortmann & Santos, 2016). OpenStax Biology 2e defines clades as “groups of organisms that descended from a single ancestor” (Clark, Douglas, & Choi 2018).
OpenStax textbooks follow a traditional peer review process aimed at ensuring they meet a high quality standard before publication. Textbooks are developed and peer-reviewed by educators in an attempt to ensure they are readable and accurate, meet the scope and sequence requirements of each course, are supported by instructor ancillaries, and are available with the latest technology-based ...
Connexions, later known as OpenStax CNX [1] was a global repository of educational content provided by volunteers. The open source platform was provided and maintained by OpenStax, which is based at Rice University. The collection was available free of charge, can be remixed and edited, and was available for download in various digital formats. [2]
An open textbook is a textbook licensed under an open license, and made available online to be freely used by students, teachers and members of the public.Many open textbooks are distributed in either print, e-book, or audio formats that may be downloaded or purchased at little or no cost.
In isogamy, the gametes look alike and cannot be classified into "male" or "female."For example, in zygomycetes, two gametangia (single multinucleate cells at the end of hyphae) form good contact with each other and fuse into a zygosporangium.
Transcription is the process of copying DNA into RNA, usually mRNA.. Bacterial transcription is the process in which a segment of bacterial DNA is copied into a newly synthesized strand of messenger RNA (mRNA) with use of the enzyme RNA polymerase.
Passive diffusion across a cell membrane.. Passive transport is a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes. [1] [2] Instead of using cellular energy, like active transport, [3] passive transport relies on the second law of thermodynamics to drive the movement of substances across cell membranes.
Since the work of August Weismann on germ-plasm theory in biology [29] and of Julian Huxley on the nature of the individual in evolutionary theory, [30] the various species of green algae belonging to the family Volvocaceae have been recognized as important ones in the study of evolutionary transitions from uni- to multicellular life.
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