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Folding-book manuscripts are a type of writing material historically used in Mainland Southeast Asia, particularly in the areas of present-day Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. They are known as parabaik in Burmese, [ a ] samut thai in Thai [ b ] or samut khoi in Thai and Lao, [ c ] phap sa in Northern Thai and Lao, [ d ] and kraing in Khmer.
A 19th-century palm-leaf manuscript called kammawa from Bagan, Myanmar. In Myanmar, the palm-leaf manuscript is called pesa (ပေစာ). In the pre-colonial era, along with folding-book manuscripts, pesa was a primary medium of transcribing texts, including religious scriptures, and administrative and juridical records. [20]
The Siam Society library specializes in the fine arts, humanities, social sciences and natural sciences of Thailand and other countries in Southeast Asia. It is also noted for its outstanding collections of rare books and palm leaf manuscripts.
The Fund for Manuscript Publication in Cambodia is a library located within the compound of Phnom Penh's Wat Ounalom, where these forms of palm-leaf manuscripts from all over the country are preserved. This research centre was founded by French archeologist Olivier de Bernon of the French School of the Far Eastin 1990 with the mission to locate ...
The Camadevivamsa is a palm leaf manuscript written in the Tai Tham script and is housed at a monastery in Northern Thailand. The first, and only, edition of the complete Pali text was published, in Thai script with a side-by-side Thai translation, in 1920 and is currently located in the Wachirayan Library in Bangkok.
In 1994, the Pāli Text Society inaugurated the Fragile Palm Leaves project, an attempt to catalogue and preserve Buddhist palm-leaf manuscripts from Southeast Asia. Prior to the introduction of printing presses and Western papermaking technology, texts in Southeast Asia—including the Pāli scriptures—were preserved by inscription on ...
Tai Tham script is traditionally written on a dried palm leaf as a palm-leaf manuscript. [5] The Northern Thai language is a close relative of (standard) Thai. It is spoken by nearly 6 million people in Northern Thailand and several thousand in Laos of whom few are literate in Lanna script. The script is still read by older monks.
In 1950, Phra Lak Phra Ram manuscripts were found that proved Laos had preserved four unknown local versions of Ramayana. [15] Several texts have been uncovered at Vat Phra Kèo in Vientiane, Vat Kang Tha in Ban Bo Ô, Ban Naxone Tay, Ban Hom, and Vat Nong Bon, in Laos; Roi Et in Thailand, now housed in Bangkok; and a manuscript of the ...