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A tokamak (/ ˈ t oʊ k ə m æ k /; Russian: токамáк) is a device which uses a powerful magnetic field generated by external magnets to confine plasma in the shape of an axially symmetrical torus. [1] The tokamak is one of several types of magnetic confinement devices being developed to produce controlled thermonuclear fusion power.
Tokamak Energy is a spin-off from the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy based in Oxfordshire. [3] As of 2022, the company had raised $250m, comprising $50m from the UK and US governments and $200m from private investors, including L&G Capital, Dr. Hans-Peter Wild, and David Harding, CEO of Winton Capital.
SPARC is a tokamak under development by Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) in collaboration with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC). [1] Funding has come from Eni , [ 2 ] Breakthrough Energy Ventures , Khosla Ventures , Temasek , Equinor , Devonshire Investors, and others.
A typical plasma in the MAST spherical tokamak machine at the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in the UK. Magnetic confinement fusion (MCF) is an approach to generate thermonuclear fusion power that uses magnetic fields to confine fusion fuel in the form of a plasma.
From the fusion triple product it is known that both temperature and energy confinement time of the fusion fuel must be high enough for fusion ignition. It was however found that the energy confinement time scales inversely with applied power. Prior to the discovery of H-mode, all tokamaks operated in what is now called the L-mode.
Ignitor is the Italian name for a proposed tokamak device, developed by ENEA. The project was abandoned in 2022. ... The fuel cycle concept was presented in 2020. [12 ...
A spherical tokamak is a type of fusion power device based on the tokamak principle. It is notable for its very narrow profile, or aspect ratio . A traditional tokamak has a toroidal confinement area that gives it an overall shape similar to a donut , complete with a large hole in the middle.
As of 2023 the device is known as JT-60SA and is the largest operational superconducting tokamak in the world, [1] built and operated jointly by the European Union and Japan in Naka, Ibaraki Prefecture. [2] [3] SA stands for super advanced tokamak, including a D-shaped plasma cross-section, superconducting coils, and active feedback control.