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A flitch beam (or flitched beam) is a compound beam used in the construction of houses, decks, and other primarily wood-frame structures. Typically, the flitch beam is made up of a vertical steel plate sandwiched between two wood beams, the three layers being held together with bolts. In that common form it is sometimes referenced as a steel ...
In flooring construction, the rim joists sit on the sill plates; in deck construction, they are parallel to the support beams and sit on the beams or in some cases, cantilever away from the beams. A double thickness board in the position of a rim joist is called a flush beam and serves a dual purpose, providing primary support for the joist ...
The beam is originally straight, and any taper is slight; The beam experiences only linear elastic deformation; The beam is slender (its length to height ratio is greater than 10) Only small deflections are considered (max deflection less than 1/10 of the span).
The term "girder" is typically used to refer to a steel beam. In a beam or girder bridge, the beams themselves are the primary support for the deck, and are responsible for transferring the load down to the foundation. Material type, shape, and weight all affect how much weight a beam can hold.
From 1982 to 1986, the original bridge deck, in 747 sections, was replaced with lighter, stronger orthotropic steel deck panels over 401 nights without closing the roadway completely to traffic. [5] The project not only restored the bridge to prime condition but also reduced the deck weight by 12,300 tons (11,160 metric tons ).
A slab deck is one where the deck is analyzed as a plate. If the slab has a stiffness that is different in two directions (at right angles), then the deck is known and analyzed as an orthotropic deck. A beam and slab deck is one where the beams may deflect somewhat independently, and any transverse forces are carried in the deck. A cellular ...
Glulam beams – created from 2×4 or 2×6 stock by gluing the faces together to create beams such as 4×12 or 6×16. As such, a beam acts as one larger piece of lumber – thus eliminating the need to harvest larger, older trees for the same size beam.
For example, a "W250x33" beam is approximately 250 millimetres (9.8 in) in depth (height of the I-beam from the outer face of one flange to the outer face of the other flange) and weighs approximately 33 kg/m (22 lb/ft; 67 lb/yd). [8] I-beams are still available in US sizes from many Canadian manufacturers.