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Rituximab, sold under the brand name Rituxan among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat certain autoimmune diseases and types of cancer. [18] It is used for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (in children and adults, but not recommended in elderly patients), rheumatoid arthritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ...
When used as drugs, the International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) end in -mab. The remaining syllables of the INNs, as well as the column Source, are explained in Nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies. Types of monoclonal antibodies with other structures than naturally occurring antibodies.
The off-label use of rituximab (trade name Rituxan) has produced some good results in acute and refractory cases, [3] [5] [24] [25] although further relapse may occur within a year. [3] Splenectomy is effective in some cases, [26] but relapses are not uncommon. [27]
Cetuximab (trade name: Erbitux ) is a recombinant chimeric monoclonal antibody designed to treat metastatic colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer. [14] In numerous cancers, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is often inappropriately activated and overexpressed in cancer cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth. [15]
Polatuzumab vedotin, sold under the brand name Polivy, is a CD79b-directed antibody-drug conjugate medication used for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma . [6] It was developed by the Genentech subsidiary of Roche .
Obinutuzumab has two black box warnings: hepatitis B reactivation and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. [7] [5]In the clinical trial of obinutuzumab in combination with chlorambucil, participants experienced infusion reactions (69%; 21% grade 3/4), neutropenia (40%; 34% grade 3/4), thrombocytopenia (15%; 11% grade 3/4), anemia (12%), and pyrexia and cough (10% each).
Girentuximab (trade name Rencarex) is a chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody to carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). [1] CAIX is expressed on the surface of most renal cancer cells and is hypothesized to be on the surface of other tumor cells. It is investigational agent in clinical trials for renal cell carcinoma. [2]
Tocilizumab, sold under the brand name Actemra among others, is an immunosuppressive drug, used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, giant cell arteritis, cytokine release syndrome, COVID‑19, and systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD).