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Unstable angina (UA) (also "crescendo angina"; this is a form of acute coronary syndrome) is defined as angina pectoris that changes or worsens or begins suddenly at rest. [12] Unstable angina is a medical emergency and requires urgent medical treatment from a doctor. [5] It has at least one of these three features: [13]
Myocarditis: Myocarditis often affects young men under 45, presenting with symptoms such as chest pain, rapid heartbeat, palpitations, difficulty breathing, and early heart failure signs. Approximately one-third experience sharp, squeezing chest pain, while nonspecific symptoms like fever, fatigue, and muscle aches may also occur.
Unstable angina is a type of angina pectoris [1] that is irregular or more easily provoked. [2] It is classified as a type of acute coronary syndrome. [3]It can be difficult to distinguish unstable angina from non-ST elevation (non-Q wave) myocardial infarction.
Angina comes from the latin angere, which means to strangle, and pectoris comes from pectus, meaning chest—so angina pectoris loosely translates to “strangling of the chest”, which actually makes a lot of sense, because angina pectoris is caused by reduced blood flow which causes ischemia to the heart muscle, or lack of oxygen to the ...
In unstable angina, symptoms may appear on rest or on minimal exertion. [6] The symptoms can last longer than those in stable angina, can be resistant to rest or medicine, and can get worse over time. [8] [10] Though ACS is usually associated with coronary thrombosis, it can also be associated with cocaine use. [11]
The New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification provides a simple way of classifying the extent of heart failure.It places patients in one of four categories based on how much they are limited during physical activity; the limitations/symptoms are in regard to normal breathing and varying degrees in shortness of breath and/or angina.
Microvascular angina is a type of angina pectoris in which chest pain and chest discomfort occur without signs of blockages in the larger coronary arteries of their hearts when an angiogram (coronary angiogram) is being performed. [66] [67] The exact cause of microvascular angina is unknown.
The CCS grading system for angina is, in part, used to evaluate fitness to fly by the British Cardiovascular Society.They recommend no action by class I and II patients with stable angina, class III should consider mobility assistance from airport staff and in-flight supplemental oxygen therapy, and that class IV patients should ideally defer their travel plans or travel with a medical ...