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A stimulus or agent which induces the state of irritation is an irritant. Irritants are typically thought of as chemical agents (for example phenol and capsaicin ) but mechanical, thermal (heat), and radiative stimuli (for example ultraviolet light or ionising radiations ) can also be irritants.
A counterirritant is a substance which creates irritation or mild inflammation in one location with the goal of lessening discomfort and/or inflammation in another location. [1]
Irritant dermatitis is usually found on hands whereas exposed areas of skin. Symptoms of both forms include the following: Red rash: This is the usual reaction. The rash appears immediately in irritant contact dermatitis; in allergic contact dermatitis, the rash sometimes does not appear until 24–72 hours after exposure to the allergen.
Toxicity category IV is practically non-toxic and not an irritant. Acute toxicity categories for pesticide products [1 In the following table, the leftmost column ...
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a form of contact dermatitis that is the manifestation of an allergic response caused by contact with a substance; the other type being irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). Although less common than ICD, ACD is accepted to be the most prevalent form of immunotoxicity found in humans. [1]
Irritant gases are those that, on inhalation, dissolve in the water of the respiratory tract mucosa and provoke an inflammatory response, usually from the release of acidic or alkaline radicals. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Smoke , chlorine , phosgene , sulfur dioxide , hydrogen chloride , hydrogen sulfide , nitrogen dioxide , ozone , and ammonia are common ...
Physical irritant contact dermatitis is a less-researched form of irritant contact dermatitis [3] due to its various mechanisms of action and a lack of a test for its diagnosis. Patch test. A complete patient history combined with negative allergic patch testing is usually necessary to reach a correct diagnosis. [4]
Hazard statements form part of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). They are intended to form a set of standardized phrases about the hazards of chemical substances and mixtures that can be translated into different languages.