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Pulp capping is a technique used in dental restorations to protect the dental pulp, after it has been exposed, or nearly exposed during a cavity preparation, from a traumatic injury, or by a deep cavity that reaches the center of the tooth, causing the pulp to die. [1]
Pulp capping is a method to protect the pulp chamber if the clinician suspects it may have been exposed by caries or cavity preparation. Indirect pulp caps are indicated for suspected micro-exposures whereas direct pulp caps are place on a visibly exposed pulp.
Due to its physical properties and biocompatibility, MTA has been used in numerous clinical situations other than as a root-end filling. It is widely used to repair perforations, to close open apices in apexification, as a direct pulp capping material for deep carious tooth, and to cover pulp stumps for apexogenesis.
They are commonly used as pulp capping agents and lining materials for silicate and resin-based filling materials. [3] Calcium-silicate liner used as a pulp capping material. It is usually supplied as two pastes, a glycol salicylate and another paste containing zinc oxide with calcium hydroxide. On mixing, a chelate compound is formed.
For pulp capping, it has a success rate higher than calcium hydroxide, and indistinguishable from Biodentin. [2] MTA, when mixed with water, forms a calcium silicate hydrate gel which contains calcium hydroxide. When it contacts the tooth pulp or dentin, its alkalinity promotes tissue regeneration. It does not resorb, and is biocompatible ...
For posterior teeth, a wide bevel is required on the functional cusps, palatal cusps for maxillary teeth and buccal cusps for mandibular teeth. If this functional cusp bevel is not present and the crown is cast to replicate the correct size of the tooth, bulk of material may be too little at this point to withstand occlusal surfaces.
Radiograph images, before and after the procedure are used to evaluate the outcome of the treatment. The patients are scheduled to follow up at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the completion of therapy. The tooth is accessed for different aspects such as pain, swelling, sinus tract, mobility, tooth discoloration, and the occlusion relationship.
The pulp is the neurovascular bundle central to each tooth, permanent or primary.It is composed of a central pulp chamber, pulp horns, and radicular canals. The large mass of the pulp is contained within the pulp chamber, which is contained in and mimics the overall shape of the crown of the tooth. [2]