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The Collegiate Learning Assessment (CLA) is a standardized testing initiative in United States higher educational evaluation and assessment. It uses a "value-added" outcome model to examine a college or university's contribution to student learning which relies on the institution, rather than the individual student, as the primary unit of analysis.
In linguistics, critical language awareness (CLA) refers to an understanding of social, political, and ideological aspects of language, linguistic variation, and discourse. It functions as a pedagogical application of a critical discourse analysis (CDA), which is a research approach that regards language as a social practice. [ 1 ]
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... This is a list of Advanced Level (usually referred to as A-Level) subjects A ... English Language and Literature [1] [2] [3 ...
Afrikaans Language: AS Level only CIE 8680: Arabic Language: AS Level only CIE 8681: Chinese Language: AS Level only CIE 8682: French Language: AS Level only CIE 8683: German Language: AS Level only CIE 8684: Portuguese Language: AS Level only CIE 8685: Spanish Language: AS Level only CIE 8686: Urdu language: AS Level only; available in ...
Cambridge Assessment English or Cambridge English develops and produces Cambridge English Qualifications and the International English Language Testing System ().The organisation contributed to the development of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), the standard used around the world to benchmark language skills, [2] and its qualifications and tests are aligned with ...
Michigan Language Assessment (MLA), also known as [needs update] the Cambridge–Michigan Language Assessment (CaMLA) and previously the "English Language Institute Testing and Certification Division at the University of Michigan", has been providing English language assessments, learning resources, teacher development, consultancy and research since 1941.
Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL / ˈ t oʊ f əl / TOH-fəl) is a standardized test to measure the English language ability of non-native speakers wishing to enroll in English-speaking universities. The test is accepted by more than 11,000 universities and other institutions in over 190 countries and territories.
Seychelles only, candidates in Seychelles taking O Level English Language had to enter for this syllabus; last exam in 2008 — CIE 1125 English Language (Mauritius) No Yes — Mauritius only, candidates in Mauritius taking O Level English Language must enter for this syllabus or syllabus 1126 — CIE 1126 English Language (Syllabus B ...