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Some reactions, such as pain, may appear immediately. Others may be delayed, such as erythema which may appear 24–96 hours after injection. [2] ISRs commonly seen with subcutaneous injections include: Bleeding and bruising [3] Erythema (redness) Pain; Pruritis (itching) [4] Swelling [5] Induration (hardening of the skin) [6] Discoloration [6]
An ecchymosis is a hematoma of the skin larger than 10 mm. [2] They may occur among and or within many areas such as skin and other organs, connective tissues, bone, joints and muscle. A collection of blood (or even a hemorrhage) may be aggravated by anticoagulant medication (blood thinner).
Erythema (Ancient Greek: ἐρύθημα, from Greek erythros 'red') is redness of the skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. [1] It occurs with any skin injury, infection, or inflammation .
A bruise, also known as a contusion, is a type of hematoma of tissue, [3] the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. Most bruises occur close enough to the epidermis such that the bleeding causes a visible discoloration.
People with thrombophlebitis complain of pain along the affected area. Some report constitutional symptoms, such as low-grade fever and aches. On physical examination, the skin over the affected vein exhibits erythema, warmth, swelling, and tenderness. Later in the disease, as induration subsides, erythema gives way to a ruddy or bruised color ...
Warfarin-induced skin necrosis is a condition in which skin and subcutaneous tissue necrosis (tissue death) occurs due to acquired protein C deficiency following treatment with anti-vitamin K anticoagulants (4-hydroxycoumarins, such as warfarin). [1] Warfarin necrosis is a rare but severe complication of treatment with warfarin or related ...
Patient A was a 33-year old female diagnosed with primary erythromelalgia at age 30 and suffered from burning and pain in her feet since she was 8 years old (Wu et. al 2013). Patient B was a 16 year-old girl with recurrent severe burning pain of both feet since the age of seven (Wu et. al 2013).
Pressure ulcers can trigger other ailments, cause considerable suffering, and can be expensive to treat. Some complications include autonomic dysreflexia, bladder distension, bone infection, pyarthrosis, sepsis, amyloidosis, anemia, urethral fistula, gangrene and very rarely malignant transformation (Marjolin's ulcer – secondary carcinomas in chronic wounds).