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Pure germanium is known to spontaneously extrude very long screw dislocations, referred to as germanium whiskers. The growth of these whiskers is one of the primary reasons for the failure of older diodes and transistors made from germanium, as, depending on what they eventually touch, they may lead to an electrical short. [40]
To place germanium into the periodic table, Mendeleev suggested that it might be ekacadmium, an element he had predicted earlier. In contrast, Lothar Meyer favored an identification of germanium with ekasilicon, a different predicted element. Winkler isolated more of the pure material, and eventually obtained enough to measure some of its ...
To give provisional names to his predicted elements, Dmitri Mendeleev used the prefixes eka- / ˈ iː k ə-/, [note 1] dvi- or dwi-, and tri-, from the Sanskrit names of digits 1, 2, and 3, [3] depending upon whether the predicted element was one, two, or three places down from the known element of the same group in his table.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 17 November 2024. Development of the table of chemical elements The American chemist Glenn T. Seaborg —after whom the element seaborgium is named—standing in front of a periodic table, May 19, 1950 Part of a series on the Periodic table Periodic table forms 18-column 32-column Alternative and ...
Germanium comes from the Latin word Germania, the Latin name for Germany, which is the country where germanium was discovered. Stannum comes from the Latin word stannum , meaning "tin", from or related to Celtic staen .
The first organogermanium compound, tetraethylgermane, synthesized by Winkler in 1887, [3] by the reaction of germanium tetrachloride with diethylzinc. More commonly, these Ge(IV) compounds are prepared by alkylation of germanium halides by organolithium and Grignard reagents , including surfaces terminated with Ge-Cl bonds. [ 4 ]
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After the Bronze Age, the history of metallurgy was marked by armies seeking better weaponry. States in Eurasia prospered when they made the superior alloys, which, in turn, made better armor and better weapons. [citation needed] The Chinese are credited with the first ever use of Chromium to prevent rusting.