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Brainstem death is a clinical syndrome defined by the absence of reflexes with pathways through the brainstem – the "stalk" of the brain, which connects the spinal cord to the mid-brain, cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres – in a deeply comatose, ventilator -dependent patient. Identification of this state carries a very grave prognosis for ...
Treatment. Immunotherapy. [2] Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, [3] first described by Edwin Bickerstaff in 1951. [4][5] It may also affect the peripheral nervous system, and has features in common with both Miller Fisher syndrome and Guillain–Barré syndrome.
A neurological disease refers to any ailment of the central nervous system, including abnormalities of the brain, spinal cord and other connecting nerve fibres. [8] Where millions of people are affected by neurological diseases on a worldwide scale, [8] it has been identified that the number of different types of neurological diseases exceeds six hundred, [9] any of which an individual can incur.
Cerebral atrophy is a common feature of many of the diseases that affect the brain. [1] Atrophy of any tissue means a decrement in the size of the cell, which can be due to progressive loss of cytoplasmic proteins. In brain tissue, atrophy describes a loss of neurons and the connections between them. Brain atrophy can be classified into two ...
6 per 100,000. Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease involving the gradual deterioration and death of specific volumes of the brain. [ 2 ][ 3 ] The condition leads to symptoms including loss of balance, slowing of movement, difficulty moving the eyes, and cognitive impairment. [ 2 ]
Second-impact syndrome. Second-impact syndrome (SIS) occurs when the brain swells rapidly, and catastrophically, after a person has a second concussion before symptoms from an earlier one have subsided. This second blow may occur minutes, days, or weeks after an initial concussion, [1] and even the mildest grade of concussion can lead to second ...
Leigh syndrome (also called Leigh disease and subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy) is an inherited neurometabolic disorder that affects the central nervous system. It is named after Archibald Denis Leigh, a British neuropsychiatrist who first described the condition in 1951. [2] Normal levels of thiamine, thiamine monophosphate, and ...
Aging of the brain is a process of transformation of the brain in older age, including changes all individuals experience and those of illness (including unrecognised illness). Usually this refers to humans. Since life extension is only pertinent if accompanied by health span extension, and, more importantly, by preserving brain health and ...