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The muscles of the thumb are nine skeletal muscles located in the hand and forearm. The muscles allow for flexion, extension, adduction, abduction and opposition of the thumb. The muscles acting on the thumb can be divided into two groups: The extrinsic hand muscles, with their muscle bellies located in the forearm, and the intrinsic hand ...
The capsule is sufficiently slack to allow a wide range of movements and a distraction of roughly 3 mm, while reinforcing ligaments and tendons give stability to the joint. It is slightly thicker on its dorsal side than on the other. [1] The first carpometacarpal joint is a frequent site of osteoarthritis in postmenopausal women. [2]
The tendons of both of these muscles cross as they reach their distal attachments. In other words, the flexor hallucis longus arises laterally, while the flexor digitorum longus arises medially. The amount of flexion is very considerable, but extension is limited by the plantar and collateral ligaments .
Ligaments of the sole of the foot, with the tendons of the peronaeus longus, tibialis posterior and tibialis anterior muscles. The plantar ligaments consist of longitudinal and oblique bands, disposed with less regularity than the dorsal ligaments.
The ulnar thumb is preferably preserved as it is the more developed one in most cases. [7] By detaching the radial collateral ligament from distal to proximal, a periosteal sleeve can be preserved. [46] In this way, the radial collateral band of the radial digit will function as the absent radial collateral ligament of the preserved ulnar thumb.
The metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP joints) are the joints between the metatarsal bones of the foot and the proximal bones (proximal phalanges) of the toes. They are analogous to the knuckles of the hand, and are consequently known as toe knuckles in common speech. They are condyloid joints, meaning that an elliptical or rounded surface (of the ...
The muscle originates from the forepart of the upper and lateral surface of the calcaneus (in front of the groove for the peroneus brevis tendon), from the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament and the stem of the inferior extensor retinaculum. The fibres pass obliquely forwards and medially across the dorsum of the foot and end in four tendons.
Extensor digitorum longus muscle. The mucous sheaths of the tendons around the ankle. Lateral aspect. (Extensor dig. longus labeled at upper right.) Animation. Details. Origin. Anterior lateral condyle of tibia, anterior shaft of fibula and superior 3⁄4 of interosseous membrane. Insertion.