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The STEN (or Sten gun) is a British submachine gun chambered in 9×19mm which was used extensively by British and Commonwealth forces throughout World War II and during the Korean War. The Sten paired a simple design with a low production cost, facilitating mass production to meet the demand for submachine guns.
The Sterling submachine gun is a British submachine gun (SMG). It was tested by the British Army in 1944–1945, but did not start to replace the Sten until 1953. A successful and reliable design, it remained standard issue in the British Army until 1994, [18] when it began to be replaced by the L85A1, a bullpup assault rifle.
During World War II, engineers George Lanchester and George William Patchett oversaw the manufacture of the Lanchester submachine gun. Patchett afterwards went on to design the Patchett machine carbine which, after a competitive trial in 1947, was adopted by the British Army in 1953 as the L2A1 Sterling submachine gun, replacing the Sten gun ...
Some simple submachine gun designs, such as the Sten, can discharge spontaneously when dropped onto a hard surface – even when uncocked – as the collision can jolt the bolt backward far enough that on returning it will pick up a round from the magazine, chamber it and fire it; the risk is intrinsic to hand-held open-bolt guns unless safety ...
The M3 is an American .45-caliber submachine gun adopted by the U.S. Army on 12 December 1942, as the United States Submachine Gun, Cal. .45, M3. [12] The M3 was chambered for the same .45 ACP round fired by the Thompson submachine gun , but was cheaper to mass produce and lighter, at the expense of accuracy. [ 12 ]
The designers of the American M3 "Grease Gun" examined British Sten guns and captured MP 40s for usable construction details. The folding stock became the model for those on later weapons, such as the Soviet PPS-43 and the AKS version of the AK-47. The MP 40 magazine can also be used in the Belgian Vigneron submachine gun.
Evelyn Owen, c. 1941. The Owen gun was created by Australian Army private Evelyn Owen in 1931, who finalised the design in 1938, when he was around 23. [4] Owen submitted the design to the Australian military, but was rejected, as they were waiting for the British Sten to finish development. [5]
The "Experimental Machine Carbine, 1949" (EMC). Chambered in the same 9 mm Parabellum cartridge as the Sten with a side-mounted 32-round box magazine, shared by the Sten and later the Sterling. The EMC used blowback action but cycled, faster than the Sterling and all of the earlier Sten variants, at 600 rounds per minute.