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  2. Risk - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk

    Firefighters are exposed to risks of fire and building collapse during their work.. In simple terms, risk is the possibility of something bad happening. [1] Risk involves uncertainty about the effects/implications of an activity with respect to something that humans value (such as health, well-being, wealth, property or the environment), often focusing on negative, undesirable consequences. [2]

  3. Negative consequentialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_consequentialism

    G. E. Moore's ethics can be said to be a negative consequentialism (more precisely, a consequentialism with a negative utilitarian component), because he has been labeled a consequentialist, [11] and he said that "consciousness of intense pain is, by itself, a great evil" [12] whereas "the mere consciousness of pleasure, however intense, does not, by itself, appear to be a great good, even if ...

  4. Reinforcement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement

    Consequences that lead to appetitive behavior such as subjective "wanting" and "liking" (desire and pleasure) function as rewards or positive reinforcement. [2] There is also negative reinforcement, which involves taking away an undesirable stimulus. An example of negative reinforcement would be taking an aspirin to relieve a headache.

  5. Consideration of future consequences - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consideration_of_future...

    Consideration of future consequences is measured by the Consideration of Future Consequences Scale developed by Strathman and colleagues, [1] and consists of 12 items. Respondents are asked to indicate to what extent each item characterizes them on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (extremely uncharacteristic) to 5 (extremely characteristic).

  6. Anti-pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-pattern

    According to the authors of Design Patterns, there are two key elements to an anti-pattern that distinguish it from a bad habit, bad practice, or bad idea: . The anti-pattern is a commonly-used process, structure or pattern of action that, despite initially appearing to be an appropriate and effective response to a problem, has more bad consequences than good ones.

  7. Environmental issues in Pakistan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues_in...

    Consequently, most of the reported health problems in Pakistan are either a direct or indirect result of polluted water. [8] 45% of infant deaths are due to diarrhea and 60% to overall waterborne diseases. [9] According to researchers, Pakistan is projected to become the most water-stressed country in the region by the year 2040. [10]

  8. List of English words of Hindi or Urdu origin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of...

    from Hindi and Urdu: An acknowledged leader in a field, from the Mughal rulers of India like Akbar and Shah Jahan, the builder of the Taj Mahal. Maharaja from Hindi and Sanskrit: A great king. Mantra from Hindi and Sanskrit: a word or phrase used in meditation. Masala from Urdu, to refer to flavoured spices of Indian origin.

  9. PDF - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF

    Linearized PDF files (also called "optimized" or "web optimized" PDF files) are constructed in a manner that enables them to be read in a Web browser plugin without waiting for the entire file to download, since all objects required for the first page to display are optimally organized at the start of the file. [26]