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  2. Capital market line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_market_line

    Capital market line. Capital market line (CML) is the tangent line drawn from the point of the risk-free asset to the feasible region for risky assets. The tangency point M represents the market portfolio, so named since all rational investors (minimum variance criterion) should hold their risky assets in the same proportions as their weights in the market portfolio.

  3. Capital asset pricing model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_asset_pricing_model

    An estimation of the CAPM and the security market line (purple) for the Dow Jones Industrial Average over 3 years for monthly data.. In finance, the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is a model used to determine a theoretically appropriate required rate of return of an asset, to make decisions about adding assets to a well-diversified portfolio.

  4. Efficient-market hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient-market_hypothesis

    The theory of efficient markets has been practically applied in the field of Securities Class Action Litigation. Efficient market theory, in conjunction with "fraud-on-the-market theory", has been used in Securities Class Action Litigation to both justify and as mechanism for the calculation of damages. [71] In the Supreme Court Case ...

  5. Markowitz model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markowitz_model

    The Capital Market Line says that the return from a portfolio is the risk-free rate plus risk premium. Risk premium is the product of the market price of risk and the quantity of risk, and the risk is the standard deviation of the portfolio. The CML equation is : R P = I RF + (R M – I RF)σ P /σ M. where, R P = expected return of portfolio

  6. Modigliani–Miller theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modigliani–Miller_theorem

    The Modigliani–Miller theorem (of Franco Modigliani, Merton Miller) is an influential element of economic theory; it forms the basis for modern thinking on capital structure. [1] The basic theorem states that in the absence of taxes , bankruptcy costs, agency costs , and asymmetric information , and in an efficient market , the enterprise ...

  7. Modern portfolio theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_portfolio_theory

    The capital market line (CML) becomes parallel to the upper asymptote line of the hyperbola. Points on the CML become impossible to achieve, though they can be approached from below. It is usually assumed that the risk-free return is less than the return of the global MVP, in order that the tangency portfolio exists.

  8. Hamada's equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamada's_equation

    The formulas are not correct if the firm follows a constant leverage policy, i.e. the firm rebalances its capital structure so that debt capital remains at a constant percentage of equity capital, which is a more common and realistic assumption than a fixed dollar debt (Brealey, Myers, Allen, 2010). If the firm is assumed to rebalance its debt ...

  9. Arbitrage pricing theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrage_pricing_theory

    Efficient markets with limited opportunity for arbitrage; Perfect capital markets; Infinite number of assets; Risk factors are indicative of systematic risks that cannot be diversified away and thus impact all financial assets, to some degree. Thus, these factors must be: Non-specific to any individual firm or industry