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A value-added tax (VAT or goods and services tax (GST), general consumption tax (GCT)) is a consumption tax that is levied on the value added at each stage of a product's production and distribution. VAT is similar to, and is often compared with, a sales tax.
VAT is generally charged at the border, at the same time as customs duty and uses the price determined by customs. [24] However, as a result of EU administrative VAT relief, an exception called Low Value Consignment Relief is allowed on low-value shipments. VAT paid on importation is treated as input VAT in the same way as domestic purchases.
A business is generally able to recover input VAT to the extent that the input VAT is attributable to (that is, used to make) its taxable outputs. Input VAT is recovered by setting it against the output VAT for which the business is required to account to the government, or, if there is an excess, by claiming a repayment from the government.
However, according to the definition, VAT is neither progressive nor regressive, since the rate neither increases or decreases with the taxable amount. [57] [58] [59] The zero rating of food, and the permission for businesses to reclaim input VAT, have been said to mean that the government in effect subsidises the food industry. [4]
An indirect tax (such as a sales tax, per unit tax, value-added tax (VAT), excise tax, consumption tax, or tariff) is a tax that is levied upon goods and services before they reach the customer who ultimately pays the indirect tax as a part of market price of the good or service purchased. Alternatively, if the entity who pays taxes to the tax ...
Map of the world showing national-level sales tax / VAT rates as of October 2019. A comparison of tax rates by countries is difficult and somewhat subjective, as tax laws in most countries are extremely complex and the tax burden falls differently on different groups in each country and sub-national unit.
The VAT is structured as an all-phase tax with input tax deduction. Since 1 January 2024 [ 1 ] the rates are 8.1% standard rate, 2.6% reduced rate and 3.8% special rate for lodging services. With the exception of the mail order provision ( Art. 7 Para. 3 Let. b VAT Act ), the partially revised Value Added Tax Act (VAT Act) and the partially ...
The amount payable is the value-added tax it has invoiced, minus any amounts of deductible input tax. Deductible input tax is the value-added tax which the entrepreneur has been charged by other business entities. The amount thus calculated has to be paid to the tax office through an advance.