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Thus, if there is a question of papilledema on fundoscopic examination or if the optic disc cannot be adequately visualized, ultrasound can be used to rapidly assess for increased intracranial pressure and help direct further evaluation and intervention. Unilateral papilledema can suggest a disease in the eye itself, such as an optic nerve glioma.
The visual pathway consists of structures that carry visual information from the retina to the brain.Lesions in that pathway cause a variety of visual field defects. In the visual system of human eye, the visual information processed by retinal photoreceptor cells travel in the following way:
disc edema in the contralateral eye; central scotoma (loss of vision in the middle of the visual fields) in the ipsilateral eye; The presence of anosmia (loss of smell) ipsilateral to the eye demonstrating optic atrophy was historically associated with this syndrome, but is now understood to not strictly be associated with all cases. [4]
For those with visual field defects optical coherence tomography has been recommended for follow-up of nerve fiber layer thickness. [12] Associated conditions such as angioid streaks and retinitis pigmentosa should be screened for. Both the severity of optic disc drusen and the degree of intraocular pressure elevation have been associated with ...
Lesions in the pathway cause a variety of visual field defects. The type of field defect can help localize where the lesion is located (see figure). A lesion in the optic nerve of one eye causes partial or complete loss of vision in the same eye, with an intact field of vision in other eye.
However, papillitis may be unilateral, whereas papilledema is almost always bilateral. Papillitis can be differentiated from papilledema by an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus Gunn pupil), by its greater effect in decreasing visual acuity and color vision, and by the presence of a central scotoma. Papilledema that is not yet chronic will not ...
In fact, at 6, he has excelled past his sister in reading because he has never been subjected to a nonsense visual cue program. As for our daughter, she has continued to study with a tutor at home ...
Central retinal artery occlusion: CRAO is characterized by painless, acute vision loss in one eye. [11] Central retinal vein occlusion: CRVO causes sudden, painless vision loss that can be mild to severe. [12] Branch retinal vein occlusion: sudden painless vision loss or visual field defect are the main symptom of BRVO. [13]