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In this way, numbers up to 10 3·999+3 = 10 3000 (short scale) or 10 6·999 = 10 5994 (long scale) may be named. The choice of roots and the concatenation procedure is that of the standard dictionary numbers if n is 9 or smaller. For larger n (between 10 and 999), prefixes can be constructed based on a system described by Conway and Guy. [17]
Mathematics – Bases: 9,439,829,801,208,141,318 (≈9.44 × 10 18) is the 10th and (by conjecture) largest number with more than one digit that can be written from base 2 to base 18 using only the digits 0 to 9, meaning the digits for 10 to 17 are not needed in bases greater than 10. [51]
A standardized way of writing very large numbers allows them to be easily sorted in increasing order, and one can get a good idea of how much larger a number is than another one. To compare numbers in scientific notation, say 5×10 4 and 2×10 5, compare the exponents first, in this case 5 > 4, so 2×10 5 > 5×10 4.
For a number written in scientific notation, this logarithmic rounding scale requires rounding up to the next power of ten when the multiplier is greater than the square root of ten (about 3.162). For example, the nearest order of magnitude for 1.7 × 10 8 is 8, whereas the nearest order of magnitude for 3.7 × 10 8 is 9.
There are names for numbers larger than crore, but they are less commonly used. These include arab (100 crore , 1 billion), kharab (100 arab , 100 billion), nil or sometimes transliterated as neel (100 kharab, 10 trillion), padma (100 nil, 1 quadrillion), shankh (100 padma, 100 quadrillion), and mahashankh (100 shankh, 10 quintillion).
For powers of ten less than 9 (one, ten, hundred, thousand and million) the short and long scales are identical, but for larger powers of ten, the two systems differ in confusing ways. For identical names, the long scale grows by multiples of one million (10 6 ), whereas the short scale grows by multiples of one thousand (10 3 ).
In fact, his monthly PayPal statement showed a negative balance of more than $92 quadrillion, which would have made him more than 5,500 times more indebted than the United States government.
In English, a quadrillion and anything larger is undoubtedly a large integer. (It may be that the Japanese-language press discusses the quadrillions of yen in the "world gross product"; if, so it can be argued that the Japanese-language equivalent of "large integer" requires something larger than a quadrillion.)