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An allele [1], or allelomorph, is a variant of the sequence of nucleotides at a particular location, or locus, on a DNA molecule. [2]Alleles can differ at a single position through single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), [3] but they can also have insertions and deletions of up to several thousand base pairs.
Allele frequency, or gene frequency, is the relative frequency of an allele (variant of a gene) at a particular locus in a population, expressed as a fraction or percentage. [1]
Genes may possess multiple variants known as alleles, and an allele may also be said to reside at a particular locus. Diploid and polyploid cells whose chromosomes have the same allele at a given locus are called homozygous with respect to that locus, while those that have different alleles at a given locus are called heterozygous. [3]
17-29 (many incomplete alleles) nomenclature [permanent dead link ] DYF401 DYF401 is a palindromic region marker. DYF406S1 11 DYF408 DYF408 is a palindromic region marker. DYF411 DYF411 is a palindromic region marker. DXYS156 YCAII YCAII is a multi-copy marker which includes YCAIIa & YCAIIb 22-22 0.00123 Y-GATA-H4 TAGA 10 0.00208 NIST fact sheet
Genetic linkage is the tendency of DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction.Two genetic markers that are physically near to each other are unlikely to be separated onto different chromatids during chromosomal crossover, and are therefore said to be more linked than markers that are far apart.
Gene flow is the transfer of alleles from one population to another population through immigration of individuals. In population genetics, gene flow (also known as migration and allele flow) is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another. If the rate of gene flow is high enough, then two populations will have equivalent ...
A haplotype (haploid genotype) is a group of alleles in an organism that are inherited together from a single parent. [1] [2] Many organisms contain genetic material which is inherited from two parents. Normally these organisms have their DNA organized in two sets of pairwise similar chromosomes. The offspring gets one chromosome in each pair ...
Alleles are inherited independently from each parent. A dominant allele can be inherited from a homozygous dominant parent with probability 1, or from a heterozygous parent with probability 0.5. To represent this reasoning in an equation, let represent inheritance of a dominant allele from a parent.