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There have been lots of cartoons about the NHS throughout the institution's history. Even before the NHS was launched, there were cartoons documenting the political debates about its form. In the 1940s, the British Medical Association was opposed to the idea of doctors becoming state employees on fixed salaries. [73]
The Evolution of the British Welfare State: A History of Social Policy Since the Industrial Revolution (London: Macmillan, 1973). Gemmill, P. Britain's Search for Health: The First Decade of the National Health Service (U. of Pennsylvania Press, 1960). Godber, G. The Health Service: Past, Present and Future (Athlone, 1975). Godber G (1988).
The NHS also conducts research through the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). [5] Free healthcare at the point of use comes from the core principles at the founding of the National Health Service. The 1942 Beveridge cross-party report established the principles of the NHS which was implemented by the Labour government in 1948.
The National Health Service Act 1946 (9 & 10 Geo. 6. c. c. 81) came into effect on 5 July 1948 and created the National Health Service in England and Wales thus being the first implementation of the Beveridge model .
The National Health Service (NHS) is the umbrella term for the publicly funded healthcare systems of the United Kingdom, comprising the NHS in England, NHS Scotland and NHS Wales. Health and Social Care in Northern Ireland was created separately and is often locally referred to as "the NHS". [ 2 ]
The National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) is the British government's major funder of clinical, public health, social care and translational research. [3] With a budget of over £1.2 billion in 2020–21, [ 4 ] its mission is to "improve the health and wealth of the nation through research". [ 5 ]
NHS England, formerly the NHS Commissioning Board for England, is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health and Social Care.It oversees the budget, planning, delivery and day-to-day operation of the commissioning side of the National Health Service in England as set out in the Health and Social Care Act 2012. [3]
The NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement (NHS Institute) was a special health authority of the National Health Service in England. It supported "the NHS to transform healthcare for patients and the public by rapidly developing and spreading new ways of working, new technology and world-class leadership".