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The first MR images of a human brain were obtained in 1978 by two groups of researchers at EMI Laboratories led by Ian Robert Young and Hugh Clow. [1] In 1986, Charles L. Dumoulin and Howard R. Hart at General Electric developed MR angiography, [2] and Denis Le Bihan obtained the first images and later patented diffusion MRI. [3]
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes inside the body. MRI scanners use strong magnetic fields, magnetic field gradients, and radio waves to generate images of the organs in the body. MRI does not involve X-rays or the use of ionizing ...
Functional magnetic resonance imaging. Measures brain activity detecting changes due to blood flow. Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow. [1][2] This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled.
An MRI pulse sequence in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a particular setting of pulse sequences and pulsed field gradients, resulting in a particular image appearance. [1] A multiparametric MRI is a combination of two or more sequences, and/or including other specialized MRI configurations such as spectroscopy. [2] [3]
In 1973, Lauterbur published the first nuclear magnetic resonance image [1] [35] and the first cross-sectional image of a living mouse in January 1974. [36] In the late 1970s, Peter Mansfield , a physicist and professor at the University of Nottingham , England , developed the echo-planar imaging (EPI) technique that would lead to scans taking ...
Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a brain injury in which scattered lesions occur over a widespread area in white matter tracts as well as grey matter. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] DAI is one of the most common and devastating types of traumatic brain injury [8] and is a major cause of unconsciousness and persistent vegetative state after severe head ...
D038524. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI or DW-MRI) is the use of specific MRI sequences as well as software that generates images from the resulting data that uses the diffusion of water molecules to generate contrast in MR images. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] It allows the mapping of the diffusion process of molecules, mainly water, in ...
Positron emission tomography (PET) [1] is a functional imaging technique that uses radioactive substances known as radiotracers to visualize and measure changes in metabolic processes, and in other physiological activities including blood flow, regional chemical composition, and absorption. Different tracers are used for various imaging ...