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Propionaldehyde exhibits the reactions characteristic of alkyl aldehydes, e.g. hydrogenation, aldol condensations, oxidations, etc. It is the simplest aldehyde with a prochiral methylene such that α-functionalized derivatives (CH 3 CH(X)CHO) are chiral. If water is available, propionaldehyde exists in equilibrium with 1,1-propanediol, a ...
Thus, the yield of the valuable chemical is high, although the atom economy can be low. The final stage in the synthesis of pentaerythritol is an example. A solvent-free reaction has been reported involving grinding liquid 2-chlorobenzaldehyde with potassium hydroxide in a mortar and pestle: [7] Solvent-free Cannizzaro reaction
Another possible pathway is through the reaction of propynylidyne (C 3 H) with water. [4] Hazards. The compound is explosive, possibly because it tends to polymerize. [1]
The Weiss–Cook reaction consists in the synthesis of cis-bicyclo[3.3.0]octane-3,7-dione employing an acetonedicarboxylic acid ester and a diacyl (1,2 ketone). The mechanism operates in the same way as the Knoevenagel condensation: [10]
It is a common method to make amines and is widely used in green chemistry since it can be done catalytically in one-pot under mild conditions. In biochemistry, dehydrogenase enzymes use reductive amination to produce the amino acid glutamate. Additionally, there is ongoing research on alternative synthesis mechanisms with various metal ...
In the late 1970s and 1980s, David A. Evans and coworkers developed a technique for stereoselection in the aldol syntheses of aldehydes and carboxylic acids. [30] [31] The method works by temporarily appending a chiral oxazolidinone auxiliary to create a chiral enolate. The pre-existing chirality from the auxiliary is then transferred to the ...
The Henry reaction is a classic carbon–carbon bond formation reaction in organic chemistry.Discovered in 1895 by the Belgian chemist Louis Henry (1834–1913), it is the combination of a nitroalkane and an aldehyde or ketone in the presence of a base to form β-nitro alcohols.
The general structure of a silyl enol ether. In organosilicon chemistry, silyl enol ethers are a class of organic compounds that share the common functional group R 3 Si−O−CR=CR 2, composed of an enolate (R 3 C−O−R) bonded to a silane (SiR 4) through its oxygen end and an ethene group (R 2 C=CR 2) as its carbon end.