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As late as 1900, most industrial workers in the United States worked a 10-hour day (12 hours in the steel industry), yet earned 20–40% less than the minimum deemed necessary for a decent life; [158] however, most workers in textiles, which was by far the leading industry in terms of employment, were women and children. [44]
Most of the 13,000 striking controllers defied the back-to-work order, and were dismissed by President Reagan on 5 August. [49] Reagan ordered them to leave. Largest labor rally in United States history broke out in protest of Reagan's order. [49] 1981 (United States) Baseball Players' Strike occurred. [49] October 1982 (United States)
[45] [46] The US was also the only industrial power to have no workman's compensation program in place to support injured workers. [46] From 1860 to 1900, the wealthiest 2 percent of American households owned more than a third of the nation's wealth, while the top 10 percent owned roughly three-quarters of it. [47]
These girls often received much lower wages than men, though the work and pay gave young women a sense of independence that they did not feel working on a farm. The First Industrial Revolution also marked the beginning of the rise of wage labor in the United States. As wage labor grew over the next century, it would go on to profoundly change ...
Labor history is a sub-discipline of social history which specializes on the history of the working classes and the labor movement.Labor historians may concern themselves with issues of gender, race, ethnicity, and other factors besides class but chiefly focus on urban or industrial societies which distinguishes it from rural history.
Furthermore, it protected American factory workers from low paid European workers, and as a major bonus attracted tens of thousands of those Europeans to immigrate to America for high wage factory and craftsman jobs. [136] Customs revenue from tariffs totaled $345 million from 1861 through 1865 or 43% of all federal tax revenue.
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In 1915, the Bureau of Labor Statistics had formed a more systemized set of data collection. Data on the number of workers involved remained a rough estimate but more consistent. [5]: 195, (203 in pdf) The data however also included strikes with fewer than six workers involved, likely leading to slightly higher worker estimates. [3]: 36